Method of producing justified type-lines.



No. 794.629. PATENTED JULY 11, 1905. 0. MERGENTHALER, DEGD. SAFE DEPOSITAND TRUST OOMPANY OI BALTIMORE & A. GREENLEAI. BXEGUTORS.

METHOD OF PRODUCING 'JUSTIPIED TYPE LINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 26, 1903.

UNITED STATES Patented July 11, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

I SAFE DEPOSIT AND TRUST COMPANY OF BALTIMO RE- AND ABNER GREEN- LEAF,OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, EXECUTORS OF OTTMAR .MERGEN- THALER, DECEASED,SAID EXEOUTORS ASSIGNORS TO MERGENTHALER LINOTYPE COMPANY: J.CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

METHOD OF vPRO DUCING JUSTIFIED TYPE-LINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 1\ To. 794,6?9, dated July11, 1905. lication filed August 26, 1 903- Sorial No. 170,873.

To all 11:79am, it may concern:

Be it known that OTTMAR MERGENTHALER, deceased, late a citizen of theUnited States, and a resident of the city of Baltimore, State 5 ofMaryland, did invent a certain new and useful Method of ProducingJustified Type- Lines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has in view the production of justified typelines forprinting purposes, which lines consist of logot es instead of I singletypes or continuous lmotypes, thus substituting the word as the unit ofcomposition for the letter or line. 'These word I 5 slugs or logotypesare cast with the proper spaces for separatin 1512118 words inte ral terewith, so that w en assembled 611 to end they will form justifiedlines of a predetermined length.

In carrying the method into ractice individual letter-matrices of theorrn used in linotyp'e-machines may be employed or any other suitablematrix which is ada ted to be repentedl selected and assemble in thevarious com inations in which their characters are to appear in thesuccessive lines of print. Between the words which cbmpose the assembledline of. matrices temporary spacers are preferably introduced... These-0 temporary spacers se .arate'the line into groups-or sections eacrepresenting a word and'are preferably forme to project endwise'beyondthe matrices, so as to'facilitatetheir subsequent removal. In order topro- 3 5 ducea line of predetermined length,'the mat rices representingall. the characters which f canbeintroduced within theprescribedlen tharefirst assembled in proper order, toget or with the tentative spacers.40 and assemblage of the matrices and spacers maybe effected in anydesirable or convenient manner either by suitable mechanism orby'hand,the specific means employed therefor forming no part of the present voltion. I When the matrices are assembled as above,

This selection gvideamong the several logotypes.

it'will usually be found that they are of a length less than that of theline required. Since the words are to be cast from the matrices, it isnecessary to provide for justif ing purposes on the ends 0 the logotypesb ank s aces of such thickness that they will jointly e ongate the lineof logotypes to the required length. The total space which must be addedto the assembled line of matrices in order to accomplish this istherefore measured and then dlvided or ap ortioned according to thenumber of interva s in the line, thus deter mining the width of thefinalspaces demanded between the words'to justify the line. Having thusdetermined the final or justifying spaces, the individual matrices areseparated into groups each corresponding to a single word, and fromthese separate groups or word-matrices the logotypes are castindividuall of a len th equal to that. of the word his thefina or'ustifying space determined as above described. Each of the logot es orslugs thus produced represents, t erefore, a complete word and a spaceto separate the same from the'next word. As the number of intervals inthe line is one less than the number of words, one of the logotypes isformed without a justifying-space.

ince the logotypes are formed singly, they are most conveniently east ina mo d which is adjustable in size, so as to suit the different lengthsof the words and their annexed s aces. The construction of the mold,Whic may be similar to that used in type-founding or linotype machines,forms no art of the presentinventjon. eferring tov the figures of thedrawings, which represent diagrannnatically one form of practicing themethod, Figure 1 indicates the measure or length of line for which it isrequired to reduce logotypes. Fig. Zshows' .a compose line of matricesand temporary s acers thin the required measure and also t e surplusspace WhlOh it is necessary to dion Fig. 3

presents a plurality of word-matrices with q.

one of them separated. end presented to the mold, and Fig. 4 illustratesseveral of the completed logotypes assembled end to end.

The matrices ere assembled in proper or- 5 der to represent the severalwords of the line, being separated one from enothcr'by means oftemporary SPklSGIS, which preferably project beyond the matrices tofacilitate their removal and the separation of the word :50 groups forthe casting operation. shown in 2, the line contains words, thusnecessitating four Within the line. The length of the prescribed measurecxcoeds the length of the composed line lily the x5 distance A E, andthe dotted lines indicate the necessary division of the spooc A B,commonly knownes the final error, into four equal portions, whichdetermines the Width of the SpttC-QS required between the Words of theparticular line shown to cll'ect I its justiiiostioii. the tempo yspacers between the words occupy a cone-tin, amount of room in theling-it follows that the hlaniq necessary on the logotype should heequal to one of the four division of the space if; plus the thic so of,one the spacers.

in his 3 one oi the wordonatrkcs isshmvn detached from the line andpresented to the mol G, which is formed with the not l adjustable, so

1 7 presented-plus e blank mil to-the thicl ess of the jus- *1 g-spece;The successive groups of matrices representing the Words are presentedchest at time to the mold, which stdjested in each ocseto the length ofthe Word and the additional specs necessary. As shown so 3, one theinterior Word-i'z'ietrices of 4c the line is in position at the mold, aspacer cl owner width o secure nccesscry on. hein isiidiceted inconnection /hei' cmt The certicoler forin of spacer thus employed a ithe construction ofthe i1 5 eiljustehle inoli orrn nopert of the presentinvention. it will also seen that the method maybe employed inconnection with any (li-Silflfi form of insichinc automaticallyHymn-ted, or the s. w l may he cerriod A relity of the completed are theproduct of the r lmf i pointed ut, to iliSlilif the tr many variationsmay e inside in the methodwithout departing 1cm the SiP 'lE oi' theinvention, the essence which r as iii assembling-the nmtrices l we Wordsfor e l": in'utilizing heroine-i line of mstrices'i'ntmi which it v oflength equsl to that.

,ese

series of separate logotypes is to be formed as a. means for determiningthe width of the spaces requiredfor justification, and in the secondaryuse of the matrices in producing the logotypes with word-spaoes thereon.

Having thus describcdthe invention and its mode of operation, what isclaimed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, as follows:

1. A method of producing justified typeliues, consisting of thefollowing steps; first, assembling in the required order individualnmtriocs representing the characters admis sihlo to the line; second,making use of the mmposcd line to determine the spaces neces-' sary forjostiiicetion; third, forming from the composed matrices, one at attime, a series oi logotypes representing the Words and iustifyingspecesintegral therewith.

2. 'lhe method of producing justified typelincs consisting in assemblingin line individual matrices representing the Words edmissihle Within theprescribed measure; second, determining the spec es necessary betweenthe-words to effect ustificntion-ot the line; and, third, separating theWordg'r'o'u )s of matrices and forming from them inividuelly the Words,together with integral spaces proper to justify the line.

3. The method of producing typedines, consisting in assemblingindividual matrices representing the Words admissihle' ithin theprescribed measure, to the end that; the additional space necessary tojustify thcline imey be determined, and thereafter separating the groups'of matrices, representing Words and producing therefrom a. series oflogotypes su'fticiently longer then the Words to form a justified line.

The method of producing. justified typelines oiprescribed length,consisting in first determining the eggregotewidth of the char octersadmissible to the line; second, determining the Width of the spacesnecesssrybe- "tween the words to justify the line; end,

third,forming successively logotypes, each re n'esi-anting on individualWord and a space necessary between such Word. and the next.

5. The method of producing a line of logoty es comprising the following"steps; first, siill cting'tlie matrices for all t e characters in theline; sccondh so sretin the matrices)" J7Y v into i '0 es correspondiz geeo icgot 2; imi'l'tlnrdly', fornnng the logotypes 'imiiv'iduelly oneconsecutively "from the grou ie. s 6. The method of producing slineoflomtypes of predetermined length, comprising the following steps;first, selecting the mat-- riecs for all the characters in the line;seer to e. single ondl ee eretin the matrices into 'oubsgm correspondingeach to e single log-0t pe end, thirdly, producing the logotypes 1n:wlduelly and consecutively es the groups are septa-- veaeac rated, andforming upon the logotypes justifying-spaces, so that collectively theywill fill out the predetermined length of line.

7. The method of producing a line of logotypes of redetermined length,comprising the following steps; first, measuring the total justifyinspace to he filled out in the line, and, secondv producing the logotypesindividually and consecutively and forming upon the logotypesjustifying-spaces, so that said spaces collectively will fill out thetotal justilying-space.

8. '1 1e method of, producing a line of'logotypes of predetermined.length, comprising the followin ste s' first ineasurin the to- J I 7 gtel space to be filled out in the line and ap-- portioning this spaceamong the several logotypes, and, secondly, producing the logotypesindividuall T and consecutively, and fprming upon eacn logotype, itsapportioned snare or gustrfymg-spacc.

9. The method of producing a justified line of logotypes, comprising thefollowing steps; first, selecting the characters for the entire line;secondly, measuring the excess space to he filled out in the line;thirdly, appor tioning the excess space among the several logotypes,and, fourthly, producing the several logotypes individuallyand-consecutively and forming upon each its appropriate share of theexcess space.

10. The method of producing a line of logotypes of predetermined len thcomprising the following steps; first, selecting the characters for theentire line; secondly, measur-' ing the excess space to he filled out inthe line; thirdly, apportioning the excess space among the severallogotypes; and, fourth]. producing thesevera logotypes individual andconsecutively and forming soon. see i logotype its appropriate share oftne excess space, so that collectively they will fill out thepredetermined length of line.

i 1. The method of producing a line of logotypes of predetermined lengthcomprising the following steps first, arran ing the matrises for line;secondly, measuring the excess space to he filled out in the line;thirdly, apportioning the excess space among the several logotypes; and,fourthly, roducing the several lo otypes individua ly and consecutivelyand OTIIIIDQUPOH each its appropriate share of the excess space, so thatcollectively they will fill out the predetermined length of line.

12. The method of producing a line of logot pes of redeterniined lengthcomprising t e following steps; first, arran ing the matrices for theentire line; second? measuring the excess space to be filled out in theline; thirdly, apportioning the excess s ace among the severallogotypes; and, four llly, casting the several lo otypes individuallyand con secutively and forming upon each logotype its appropriate shareof the excess space, so that collectively they will fill out thepredetermined length of line.

13. The method of producing a line of logotypes comprising the followingsteps: first, assembling the matrices for all the characters of the lineand secondly, forming the logotypes individually and consecutively fromthe matrices thereof.

14. The method of producing a line of logotypes comprising the followingsteps: first, assembling a line of ord-matrices; and secondly, formingthe logotypes individually and consecutively from the saidword-matrices. 7

15. The method of producing a line of logotypes comprising'the followingsteps: first, separating a com osed line of matrices into groupscorrespon ing each to a single Word; and secondly, forming the logotypesindividually and consecutively from the groups.

[I.. a] SAFE DEPOSIT AND TRUST 00.

OF llilli'ld, By 3N0. W. MARSHALL,

261 V. 1 ABNER GREENLEAF. Emecutors 0f Ottma'r Merge inhaler, deceased.

Witnesses FRANK N. Masters, Koran J. hlnmiisnn.

